2013. Teaching Files >>> urban agriculture
PROJECT 01: highly connected frameworks, an algae eco-platform, venice, italy
STUDENT: anna marcassoli
This architectural project is set in Venice and it is an attempt to save this town from flooding and the collapsing on itself. The strategy of the project is mainly based on the use of the invasive algae that are growing in the lagoon creating ecologic disequilibria to produce energy and other kind of goods. The main focus of the project is the endeavour to protect Venice from being damaged further on an ecologic and social level trying to involve and sensitise also the population. For these reasons the project includes not only functions connected to green strategies and the treatment of the algae themselves but also facilities for tourists and the Venice population’s itself. In order to reach the aim of the project the building should answer to the ecologic disequilibria in a dynamic way. For this reason the theoretical background of the project lies in the capacity of the design process to act directly upon form in real-time, by investigating computational processes in non-standard and interactive architecture, starting from behavioural simulations (System thinking).
First of all a set of main functions were chosen and they were categorised based on their need for accessibility, people flows, sun radiation, and other environmental parameters. The methodological approach is focused on creating a real-time analysis system, which works as a form finding machine, giving different outputs based on specific parameter setups. In practice this process was based on the use of a particular software: Processing, to generate a multi-agent simulation capable of self-organising the functions (agents) in a preset space (the location) based on environmental parameter (accessibility, sun, etc.). This simulation resulted in generating an optimal spatial organisation of the functions. A minimal surface logic was further used to generate the morphology of the building.
Keywords >> Ecology, Swarm simulation, Minimal surface, Parametric design, Algae farming, Self organization, Environmental response
2013. Teaching Files >>> urban agriculture
PROJECT 02: agri-flux, finland
STUDENT: anurag bhattacharya
The main research question posed in this project, is the problem of embodiment and development of a self-sufficient eco-structure using performance driven computation techniques taking instances from environmental aspects like solar radiation and wind pressures. It is done in three interlinked stages – first being the urban and infrastructure level, second being the more precise building level and the last being the user comfort levels around the building. The architectural design emphasis being on design of the science center integrated with jetty/ public esplanades and the public green houses. In almost every design field we are assisting to an increment in the level of complexity, intended as multi-variability whose relations are not clearly understood. At all those different scales, today's high technical performance standards and growing normative requirement increase enormously design complexity, which has already escaped the control of single agent process and calls for an application of complex multi-agent processes.
Rather than considering the programmatic arrangement as the organization of platonic programmatic elements, the project considered the program as a self-organizing system of spaces of programmatic masses which aggregate based upon weighted connections and parameters to specified anchor programs. Going against the conventional adjacency matrices or typical bubble diagram to define relationships, the placement of specific anchor programs re-distributes the transitional programs into gradient fields of varying densities in between three core zones with defined boundaries and thresholds was opted for. The shear computing power was used as a tool to
execute generative organizations multiple times with random seeds in order to achieve the best suited optimized design regarding program distribution and form development.
Keywords >> Multi-agent simulations, Urban, architecture and component level based pattern derivation and form finding, Performance driven design, Environmental response
2013. Teaching Files >>> urban agriculture
PROJECT 03: networked systems, a food hub for paris
STUDENT: manuel zucchi
The project aims to tackle the problem of food production and transportation within big metropolitan areas, in this case the city of Paris. The main goal of the project is to develop a new model of urban agriculture capable of working both at a global (city) and local (site) scale. The idea is to integrate a model for the intensive production of food, such as the vertical farm, with a series of functions and devices that work at the local scale in a way in which it would be possible to involve the population into the project. In order to integrate the project’s proposal with the existing dynamic metropolitan system it is necessary to develop a strategy capable of adapting and reacting to the continuous changes. The strategy aims to investigate some concepts directly derived from the field of NS&IA such as self-organisation processes based on the swarm behaviour logic.
This spatial configuration tool was generated with a script in Processing through the use of a Multi-Agents System based on swarm behaviour principles. This system is regulated as already stated by the negotiation between inner aggregation logics and external influences. This real time simulation offers the possibility to define various spatial allocations of the functions depending on a selected set of influences that wants to be considered as relevant for the project. Parametric tools were used, keeping as guideline the idea of a bottom up form-finding approach were the input parameters like the cultivation type, light and climatic requirements and structural necessities define different formal output. Within this bottom up process, the designer had to make different choices that had a certain influence onto the whole process, specifically into the definition of the main parameters that will influence the design.
Moreover a particular emphasis was put on the skin of the building because it is a thematic really relevant within the panorama of sustainable architecture, and in specific within the typology of the vertical farm. Different environmental analysis (shadows, insulation, solar radiation) were done both on the structure and on the skin in order to create the most suitable climatic solutions for the different types of cultivation hosted in the tower. The main idea was to customize in terms of density and opacity every glass panel of the skin based on the light requirement of the cultivation.
Keywords >> Urban farming, Multi-agent systems, Multi-optimization, Parametric design, Skin systems, Food ecology, Environmental response, Material research
2013. Teaching Files >>> urban infrastructure
PROJECT 04: reconfigurable architecture
STUDENT: ignacio basterrechea
This research graduation project aims to explore the possibilities of reconfigurable architecture as a response to the issue of designing for the uncertainty. A keen interest in computational tools as a powerful way to analyse, measure and materialize a Media Center at the NDSM (Amsterdam). The project builds upon a complex agent based simulation routine wherein 3 different agent systems with different characteristics operate in time to create differential topological condition of a ceiling and floor plane. Within this context, the agent systems correspond to human demographics which will vary during different times of the day. This data is connected with the characteristic of such demographic variation, which in turn is connected with the kind of functional usage they would demand. This directly feeds back into the topological variations needed within the same space. Subsequently this simulated data is interfaced with actuation and control system protocols, structural logics are defined on the basis of kinetic principles and spatial connotations as regards overlapping common areas vs interaction zones vs emergent multi-use spaces etc.
Keywords >> Boids, Agent based simulation, Real-time interaction, Kinetic behaviour, Actuation and control systems, Multiple usability of space.
INFO-MATTER
iNTERESTING LINKS
Hyperbody >> Plethora >> Echoechonoisenoise >> Robotecture >> FutureCNC >> Code.algorithmicdesign >> CreativeApplication.Net >> Responsive Architecture >> FORM+CODE >> Amnon Owed >> RhinoFabLab >> ThinkerLog >> p5p >> Toxiclibs >> OpenProcessing >> subblue >> SJET >> suckerPunch >> Michael Hansmeyer >> Daniel Widrig >> TheCreatorsProject >> CYMATICA >> MAKE: Online >> n_e_r_v_o_u_s system.com >> THEVERYMANY >> Fluid Interface >> lustlab >> ONL >> inhabitat >> rat{LAB} >> biayna bogosian >> FORMAKERS >> Tangible media group >> kokkugia >> Asif Khan >> minimaforms >> SENSEable City Lab >> Citizen Sense >> METABODY
NEWS
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria lectures at the University of Boras, Sweden, Smart Textiles Association >> Lecture: Inter-performing Environments >> 2015
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria co-tutoring a Bachelors Thesis course at the Delft Robotics Institute, TU Delft, The Netherlands >> 2015
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria edits the Next Generation Building Journal together with Matias del Campo >> 2015
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria invited to become a member of the OCEAN Research and Design Network >> 2015
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria delivers key note lecture at the ICON Arch conference, Konya, Turkey >> 2014
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria appointed as Scientific Reviewer
Elsevier, Journal: Automation in Construction >> 2014
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria appointed Technical Program Committee Member Smart Electronics and Communication conference >> 2014
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria delivers key note lecture at the ArcInTex Conference, Technical University Eindhoven, Netherlands >> 2014
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria interviewed by CNN International:
Future cities and smart home applications >> 2014
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria interviewed by Fast Company Daily: Real-time interactive home environments >> 2014
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria lectures at the Smart Cities and Big Data convention, Aarhus University, Denmark >> 2014
>> Journal Publication >> Biloria. N.(2014); Architecture Institute of Korea, ISSN 1225-1666, Article: Inter-performing morphologies
>> Journal Publication >> Biloria, N.(2014); Next Generation Building journal, Balthazer Science Publishers, Article: Performance driven generative design systems, Volume 1, No. 1, 2014, ISSN 2213-4425, e-ISSN 2213-4433
>> Journal Publication >> Psyllidis, A & Biloria, NM (2014). OntoPolis: A semantic participatory platform for perfor- mance assessment and augmentation of urban environments. In s.n. (Ed.), 10th IEEE international conference on intelligent environments (pp. 140-147). Piscataway: IEEE.
>> Publication >> Achilleas Psyllidis, Nimish Biloria (2014); Intelligent environments 2014 Conference, Article accepted: Ontopolis, A semantic participatory platform for performance assessment and augmentation of urban environments, Shanghai, 2nd – 4th July 2014, China
>> Publication >> Xia X, Biloria N, Hommel B. (2014); Aesthetics and the embodied mind, Conference, Article: From film studies to interaction design
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria lectures at South East University of China, Guangzhou, China >> 2013
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria appointed Scientific Reviewer
Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) >> 2013
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria appointed Scientific Reviewer & Editor: Next Generation Building Journal (NGB) >> 2013
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria appointed Scientific Reviewer
47th International Architectural Science Association Conference 2013 “Cutting Edge In Architectural Science", Hong Kong >> 2013
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria serves as Organizing Committee Member ECAADE 2013, TU Delft, Netherlands >> 2013
>> Publication >> Biloria, N. (2013) Performance driven generative design pedagogy: Interfacing multi-agent simulation driven design techniques with environmental modelling methodologies in architectural education, ENHSA Conference: Computation, environment and architectural innovation, Napoli, Italy.
>> Publication >> Achilleas Psyllidis and Nimish Biloria (2013), The Adaptive City: A socio-technical interaction driven approach towards urban systems, Proceedings of the 2nd international Hybrid City Conference, Athens, Greece, ISBN: 978-960-99791-1-5, pp. 371-378.
>> Publication >> Achilleas Psyllidis and Nimish Biloria (2013), Urban Media Geographies: Interfacing Ubiqui- tous Computing with the Physicality of Urban Space, Media Cities 4 conference, May 2013, University at Buffalo, The state university of New York, USA, pp. 302-309.
>> Publication >> Mostafavi, S, Morales Beltran, MG & Biloria, NM (2013). Performance driven design and design information exchange. In R Stouffs & S Sariyildiz (Eds.), Proceedings of the Education and research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe) 2013 conference (pp. 117-126). Delft, The Netherlands
>> Publication >> Biloria, NM & Chang, JR (2013). Hyper-Morphology: Experimentations with bio-inspired de- sign processes for adaptive spatial re-use. In R Stouffs (Ed.), Proceedings of the 31st Inter- national Conference on Education and research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (pp. 529-538)
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria interviewed by RAI, Lighthouse, Italy: Documentary series on Robotics in Europe >> 2013
>> Journal publication >> Alireza Mahdizadeh Hakak (Faculty of Architecture, TU Delft, Netherlands), Nimish Biloria (Faculty of Architecture, TU Delft, The Netherlands) and Mozhgan Raouf Rahimi (Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran) (2012), Journal article: Implementing Unconventional Virtual Environments for Enhancing Creativity in Architecture Pedagogy, International Journal of Virtual and Personal Learning Environments (IJVPLE), Volume 3, Issue 4, Pages: 41-52.
>> Journal Publication >> Biloria, N. (2012); Co-Editor, Book: Hyperbody, First Decade of Interactive Architecture, JapSam Publishers, Netherlands, ISBN-10: 9490322091, ISBN-13: 978-9490322090
>> Journal Publication >> Biloria N. (2012); Interactive morphologies: An investigation into integrated nodal networks and embedded computation processes for developing real-time responsive spatial systems, Frontiers of Architectural Research Volume 1, Issue 3, Pages 259–271
>> Journal Publication >> Xin Xia and Biloria Nimish (2012); A 4EA Cognitive approach for rethinking the human in Interactive Architecture, Conference Proceedings: Rethinking the Human in Techology-Driv- en Architecture, Editors: Maria Voyatzaki; Constantin Spiridonidis, ISBN: 978-2-930301-53-2
>> Publication >> Biloria, Nimish and Chang, Jia-Rey (2012), 'Digital physicality, physical Digitally,' Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference, Prague, Czech Republic, HyperCell: A Bio-inspired informa- tion design framework for real-time adaptive spatial components, Volume.2, pp.573-581.
>> Publication >> Alireza M. Hakak, Biloria N (2011), New perception of virtual environments, enhancement of creativity, Proceedings of the eCAADe conference, Ljubljana, Slovenia, ISBN 978-9-4912070-
1-3, pp. 967 - 975
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria lectures at National art gallery, Vilnius, Lithuania >> 2011
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria lectures at Delft lectures on Sustainability, TU Delft, Netherlands >> 2011
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria lectures at Faculty of Architecture, Warsaw, Poland >> 2011
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria lectures at Harbin University, Faculty of Architecture, China >> 2011
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria lectures at Nanjing University, Faculty of Architecture, China >> 2011
>> Book >> Biloria, N.(2011); Author, Book: Interactive Corporate Environments: Developing real-time interactive corporate environments incorporating computational techniques [Paperback], VDM Verlag Dr. Müller Publishers
>> Journal publication >> Biloria N. (2011); InfoMatters, a multi-agent systems approach for generating performative architectural formations; International Journal of Architectural Computing, Issue 03, Volume 09: September 2011 (205 - 222)
>> Journal publication >> Biloria N. (2011); Interdisciplinary Process Driven Performative Morphologies: A Morphog- enomic approach towards developing context aware spatial formations; V!RUS, No.6, No- mads.usp journal, Creation in Process+es, ISSN: 2175-974.
>> Publication >> Alireza M. Hakak, Biloria N (2011), New perception of virtual environments, enhancement of creativity, Proceedings of the eCAADe conference, Ljubljana, Slovenia, ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3, pp. 967 - 975
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria lectures at Empowering Infrastructure globally conference, New Delhi, India sponsored by ESSAR Steel and organized by Indian Architect and Builder >> 2010
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria lectures at Philips Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands >> Interactive Architecture >> 2010
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria lectures at Design-Code, Dutch Design Week, Eindhoven, The Netherlands >> 2010
>> Journal publication >> Biloria, N. (2010); Interactive Environments: A Multi-disciplinary Approach towards Devel- oping Real-Time Performative Spaces, Entertainment computing – ICEC 2010, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2010, Volume 6243/2010, 254-261, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-15399-0_25, pp. 254-261
>> Journal publication >> Biloria, N. (2010); Interactive Bodies, Forward, Volume 110, ISSN 2153-7526, American Institute of Architects Publishers, USA, 2010, pp. 69-76
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria lectures at Bucharest School of Architecture, Romania >> 2009
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria serves as Session Chair
ENHSA 2013 Conference on Computation, Environment and Architectural Innovation, Napoli, Italy >> 2009
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria serves as Panelist: CHI 2009, Organic User Interfaces - From Tangible and Transitive Materials to programming reality, Boston, USA >> 2009
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria serves as Panelist: Syn_athr(0)isis event: Technopolis, Athens, Greece >> 2009
>> Journal publication >> Biloria, N, Sumini, V. (2009); Performative Building Skin Systems: A Morphogenomic Ap- proach Towards Developing Real-Time Adaptive Building Skin Systems, International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 7 - no. 4, pp. 643-676.
Biloria, N. (2009); Performative building skin systems, IEEE Explore, Computation World 2009 conference, Athens, ISBN 978-1-4244-5166-1, pp. 119-125
>> Journal publication >> Biloria, N. (2009); Developing an interactive architectural meta-system for contemporary corporate environments, SCROOPE 19, Cambridge architecture journal, Cambridge University press, Cambridge, UK, pp. 70-80
>> Journal publication >> Biloria, N. (2009); Inter-active spaces Indian architect and builder magazine, Special issue on Digital Architecture, Jasubhai Media, Mumbai, India
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria gives Key note lecture at Key Note lecture at the IxDA, Interaction Design Association, Inter- national South America conference, Sao Paulo, Brazil >> 2008
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria's lecture is at the AEC World Expo, 361 Design conference >> 2008
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria lectures at Technologies and Construction Lecture series, Building Technology, Bouwkunde, TU Delft, The Netherlands >> 2008
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria is interviewed by the Discovery Channel >> Discovery Science Program, Documentary >> 2008
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria serves as Conference Session Chair ACADIA 08, Evolutionary computation, Minneapolis, USA >> 2008
>> Journal publication >> Biloria, N. (2008); Introduction article: Evolutionary computation, ACAADIA 2008, Sili- cone+Skin, ISBN: 978-0-9789463-2-6, Minneapolis, USA
>> Journal publication >> Biloria, N. (2008); Hyperbody, (Im) material Processes, New Digital techniques for architecture, Edited by Neil Leach and Xu Weiguo, ISBN: 9787-112-10396-6, China Architecture and Building Press, China
>> Journal publication >> Biloria, N. (2008); Non-standard performative architecture, Indian architect and builder magazine, Special issue on Innovate, Jasubhai Media publishers, Mumbai, India
>> Publication >> Biloria, N (2008) Morphogenomic Urban and Architectural Systems: An Investigation into In- formatics Oriented Evolution of Form: The Case of the A2 Highway, Silicon + Skin: Biological Processes and Computation, [Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) / ISBN 978-0-9789463-4-0] Minneapo- lis 16-19 October 2008, pp.152-157
>> Publication >> Biloria, N (2008) Real-time interactive corporate environments, Proceedings of 2nd Sympo- sium on Systems Research in the Arts and Humanities (SSRAH): "On Interaction/Interactivity in Music, Design, Visual and Performing Arts", Baden Baden, Germany, pp. 121-125
>> Publication >> Biloria, N (2008) Morphogenomic architecture, An investigation into informatics oriented evolution of form, Proceedings of AEC 08 Conference, Antalya, Turkey, pp. 49-58, http://www.lboro.ac.uk/cice/conferences/AEC2008/
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria lectures at University Innsbruck, Austria >> 2007
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria lectures at ITD Lecture series, Industrial Design, TU Delft, The Netherlands >> 2007
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria lectures at Goldsmith University, London, UK >> 2007
>> Journal publication >> Biloria, N. (2007); Envisioning the responsive milieu, An investigation into aspects of ambient intelligence, human machine symbiosis and ubiquitous computing for developing a generic real time interactive spatial prototype, iA#1, ISBN 978-9059730588, Episode publishers, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 22-33
>> Publication >> Biloria, N (2007) Developing an Interactive Architectural Meta-System for Contemporary Corporate Environments: An investigation into aspects of creating responsive spatial systems for corporate offices incorporating rule based computation techniques, Em‘body’ing Virtual Architecture: The Third International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2007), 28-30 November 2007, Alexandria, Egypt, pp.
199-212
>> Publication >> Biloria, N (2007) Adaptive Corporate Environments, CAADRIA 2007 [Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Nanjing (China) 19-21 April 2007, ISBN: 978-7-5641-0925-7, pp. 391-400
>> Publication >> Biloria, N (2007) Adaptive corporate environments, Proceedings of Sources of Architectural Form: Theory and Practice, International conference of Architecture 07, Kuwait City, Kuwait, pp. 371-391
>> Publication >> Biloria, N (2007) Spatializing real-time interactive environments, Proceedings of Tangible and Embedded Interaction (TEI 07) conference, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA, ISBN: 978-1-59593-619-6, pp. 215-222.
>> Journal publication >> Biloria, N. (2006); Design Informatics, Architecture Annual 05-06 TU Delft, 010 Publishers, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
>> Book publication >> Biloria, N. (2006); Inter-active spaces, A multi-disciplinary approach towards developing re- al-time performative spaces, GSM 2, TU Delft, The Netherlands, Episode Publishers, Rotter- dam, The Netherlands, ISBN: 9059730364, pp. 330-339
>> Publication >> Biloria, N (2006) Spatializing corporate dynamics, an investigation into aspects of creating responsive spatial systems for corporate offices incorporating rule based computation techniques, Proceedings of Adaptables 06 Conference, TU Eindhoven, The Netherlands, ISBN 10:90-72152-03-4, pp. 74-78
>> Publication >> Biloria, N, Oosterhus, K and Aalbers, C (2006) Design Informatics: a case based investigation into parametric design scripting and CNC based manufacturing techniques, Proceedings of Computing in Architecture / Re-Thinking the Discourse: The Second International Confer- ence of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2006), 25-27, April 2006, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
>> Publication >> Biloria, N, Oosterhus, K and Aalbers, C (2006) DESIGN INFORMATICS: (A case based investigation into parametric design, scripting and CNC based manufacturing techniques), CAADRIA
2006 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Kumamoto (Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, pp. 237-244
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria serves as Conference Session Chair CAADRIA 05, New Delhi, India >> 2005
>> Dr. Nimish Biloria serves as Conference Session Chair: Hawaii International conference for arts and humanities 05, USA
>> Journal publication >> Biloria, N. (2005); Developing concept prototypes for electronic media augmented spatial skins, Architecture Annual 04-05 TU Delft, The Netherlands, 010 Publishers, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
>> Publication >> Biloria, N (2005) Emergent Technologies and Design, Digital Design: The Quest for New Paradigms [23rd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Lisbon (Portugal) 21-24 September 2005, pp. 441-447
>> Publication >> Biloria, N., Oosterhuis, K. and Aalbers, C. (2005) Design Informatics, Smart Architecture: Integration of Digital and Building Technologies [Proceedings of the 2005 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 0-9772832-0-8] Savannah (Georgia) 13-16 October 2005, pp. 226-235
>> Publication >> Biloria, N (2005) Envisioning the responsive milieu, an investigation into aspects of ambient intelligence, machine symbiosis and ubiquitous computing for developing generic real-time spatial prototype, Proceedings of AEC 05, Conference, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, ISBN:90-8559-057-4, pp. 741-751
>> Publication >> Biloria, N, Oosterhuis, K (2005) Envisioning the RESPONSIVE milieu: An investigation into aspects of ambient intelligence, human machine symbiosis and ubiquitous computing for developing a generic real-time interactive spatial prototype, CAADRIA 2005 [Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia/ ISBN 89-7141-648-3] New Delhi (India) 28-30 April 2005, vol. 1, pp. 421-432
>> Publication >> Biloria, N (2005) Responsive environments, Proceedings of Hawaii International conference for arts and humanities 05, USA http://www.allconferences.com/conferences/20040223191228/
>> Publication >> Biloria, N (2004) Developing Concept Prototypes for Electronic Media Augmented Spatial Skins - An Investigation Into Biotic Processes, Material Technologies and Embedded Computation for Developing Intelligent Systemic Networks, CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 159-172.
>> Book publication >> Biloria, N. (2002); Design research work - TKTS 2000, AA (Architectural Association) Year Book 01 – 02, London, UK.
